The trends of urbanization in Pakistan as per the provisional results of census are as follows. [305] A 2015 report published by the World Bank ranked Pakistan's economy at 24th-largest[306] in the world by purchasing power and 41st-largest[307] in absolute terms. Philosophical Domain of Pakistan (Pakistan Main Phalsapiana Rojhanat) (in Urdu). [357][358] Pakistan is one of the four nuclear armed states (along with India, Israel, and North Korea) that is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, but it is a member in good standing of the International Atomic Energy Agency. [161][556], Lassi is a traditional drink in the Punjab region. The highest number of flyovers and under passes are located in Karachi, followed by Lahore. Pakistan is the fourth-largest producer of cotton with the third-largest spinning capacity in Asia after China and India, contributing 5% to the global spinning capacity. [535] The Pakistan Academy of Letters is a large literary community that promotes literature and poetry in Pakistan and abroad. Influential work by Manzoor Ahmad, Jon Elia, Hasan Askari Rizvi, and Abdul Khaliq brought mainstream social, political, and analytical philosophy to the fore in academia. [285], The economy of Pakistan is the 23rd-largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 42nd-largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product. However, the 4 million figure is the most quoted figure and is approximately 2.2% of the country. ", Jean-Philippe Berrou & Matthieu Clment & Franois Combarnous & Dominique Darbon & Yves-Andr Faure & Eric Rougier, 2019. Defining income groups - Newspaper - DAWN.COM The Pakistan census excludes the 1.41million registered refugees from Afghanistan,[465] who are found mainly in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and tribal belt, with small numbers residing in Karachi and Quetta. Dramatic social changes have led to urbanisation and the emergence of two megacities: Karachi and Lahore. It is the 23rd-largest in terms of GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP). This constitution is the country's most important document, laying the foundations of the current government. [229], Pakistan vigorously championed the right of self-determination for Muslims around the world. [6] [93], "You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place or worship in this State of Pakistan. [173] Many birds sighted in Pakistan are migratory, coming from Europe, Central Asia, and India. A Household Asset Approach to Social Stratification, Working Papers in Economics and Development Studies (WoPEDS), The New Baloch Militancy: Drivers and Dynamics, India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs, Modelling Bourdieusian Social Reproduction Theory, How unequal is the size of middle class in the rural urban areas of Punjab province, International Journal of Social Economics, Pakistans Growth Spurts and Reversals: A Historical Perspective, Ha crecido la clase media en el Ecuador? "[36] Etymologists note that pk, is 'pure' in Persian and Pashto[37] and the Persian suffix -stan means 'land' or 'place of'. [526] Urdu dramas dominate the television entertainment industry, which has launched critically acclaimed miniseries and featured popular actors and actresses since the 1990s. [133][96] Muslim League leader Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman asserted that Pakistan could only truly become an Islamic state after bringing all believers of Islam into a single political unit. [474] Immigration, from both within and outside the country, is regarded as one of the main factors contributing to urbanisation in Pakistan. ", Matthieu Clment & Yves-Andr Faure & Jean-Philippe Berrou & Franois Combarnous & Dominique Darbon & Eric Rougier, 2018. Where does the American middle class live? - Brookings [clarification needed][543] After the 1971 war, philosophers such as Jalaludin Abdur Rahim, Gianchandani, and Malik Khalid incorporated Marxism into Pakistan's philosophical thinking. What Is Middle Class about the Middle Classes around the World? The trail attracted thousands of Europeans and Americans in the 1960s and 1970s who travelled via land through Turkey and Iran into India through Pakistan. [540] Mirza Kalich Beg has been termed the father of modern Sindhi prose. [122] Clashes with the judicature prompted Gillani's disqualification from the Parliament and as the Prime Minister in June 2012. Major seaports are in Karachi, Sindh (the Karachi port, Port Qasim). [502] Contemporary Islamic fundamentalists criticise Sufism's popular character, which in their view does not accurately reflect the teachings and practice of Muhammad and his companions. It is South Asia's second-largest economy, representing about 15.0% of regional GDP. [115] As PML (N) secured a supermajority in elections in 1997, Nawaz Sharif authorised nuclear testings (See:Chagai-I and Chagai-II), as a retaliation to the second nuclear tests ordered by India, led by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in May 1998. Islamabad is blessed with lush green Margalla mountains and the these trails provide various viewpoints to view this. [234] Tensions between Iran and Pakistan intensified in 1998 when Iran accused Pakistan of war crimes after Pakistani warplanes had bombarded Afghanistan's last Shia stronghold in support of the Taliban. [222], After Independence, Pakistan vigorously pursued bilateral relations with other Muslim countries[223] and made an active bid for leadership of the Muslim world, or at least for leadership in efforts to achieve unity. ", Matthieu Clment & Jean-Andr Faur & Jean-Philippe Berrou & Franois Combarnous & Eric Rougier & Dominique Darbon, 2020. [195] Pakistan is an active member of the United Nations and has a Permanent Representative to represent Pakistan's positions in international politics. The project was planned in 1990. [206] Since 9/11, Pakistan has been a ally of the US on the issue of counterterrorism in the Greater Middle East region, with the US supporting Pakistan with aid money and weapons. 10 subscribers Subscribe 100 views 2 years ago Excellent place for middle class people of islamabad. [259], The armed forces of Pakistan are the sixth largest in the world in terms of numbers in full-time service, with about 651,800 personnel on active duty and 291,000 paramilitary personnel, as of tentative estimates in 2021. The country is also the fifth-largest producer of cotton, with cotton production of 14million bales from a modest beginning of 1.7million bales in the early 1950s; is self-sufficient in sugarcane; and is the fourth-largest producer in the world of milk. ", Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2021. The first Indo-Pak war of 1947 occurred in Kashmir with Pakistan gaining control of Western Kashmir, (Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan), and India retaining Eastern Kashmir (Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh). Field hockey is the national sport of Pakistan; it has won three gold medals in the Olympic Games held in 1960, 1968, and 1984. Top 10+ International Islamic Schools in Hyderabad (2021) - EduSys [337] Pakistan's I.T sector is regarded as among the fastest growing sector's in Pakistan. '"ripe"'), which are made of strong materials like brick and cement; katchi houses ( kach, lit. Sharma termed it possible to transform Pakistan from a "low-income to a middle-income country during the next five years". [326] Even so, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Pakistan produced 21,591,400 metric tons of wheat in 2005, more than all of Africa (20,304,585 metric tons) and nearly as much as all of South America (24,557,784 metric tons). Dec 2018. The name Pakistan was coined by Choudhry Rahmat Ali, a Pakistan Movement activist, who in January 1933 first published it (originally as "Pakstan") in a pamphlet Now or Never, using it as an acronym. However, levels of enrolment vary wildly, with some 98% of children in Islamabad attending school, compared to very sparse attendance in some rural areas, especially among girls. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed that has nothing to do with the business of the State. ", Andreas Peichl & Thilo Schaefer & Christoph Scheicher, 2010. It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country, with similarly diverse geography and wildlife. After Pakistan's first ever general elections, the 1973 Constitution was created by an elected Parliament. Statistics House, 21-Mauve Area, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: pbs@pbs.gov.pk. Source: Schools Info [374] According to the WEF's Global Competitiveness Report, quality ratings of Pakistan's port infrastructure increased from 3.7 to 4.1 between 2007 and 2016. The 1998 Pakistani census states that there are 291,000 (0.22%) Ahmadis in Pakistan. [566] Football in Pakistan is as old as the country itself. During the colonial period, native literary figures were influenced by western literary realism and took up increasingly varied topics and narrative forms. In recent years, after decades of social instability, as of 2013[update], serious deficiencies in macromanagement and unbalanced macroeconomics in basic services such as rail transportation and electrical energy generation have developed. [156] Pakistan covers an area of 881,913km2 (340,509sqmi), approximately equal to the combined land areas of France and the United Kingdom. The Objectives Resolution has been incorporated as a preamble to the constitutions of 1956, 1962, and 1973. [525] In contrast to the ailing Pakistani film industry, Urdu televised dramas and theatrical performances continue to be popular, as many entertainment media outlets air them regularly. [524] In 2019, the screening of Bollywood movies was again faced with an indefinite ban. ", Esther Duflo & Abhijit Banerjee, 2008. English is primarily used in official business and government, and in legal contracts;[158] the local variety is known as Pakistani English. Hindu temples may be found throughout Sindh, where the dharma features prominently. | Pakistan Today", "National Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2012", "The scientist who painted: Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui", "Using RP Model to solve Current Challenges of Pakistan by PHd Scholar Irshad Ahmed Sumra", "Decreases in Cerebrospinal Fluid Glutathione Levels after Intracerebroventricular Morphine for Cancer Pain", (IISS), International Institute for Strategic Studies, "Bhutto was father of Pakistan's Atom Bomb Program", "Pakistan ranks 43rd in scientific research publication", "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? [172], Pakistan's political experience is essentially related to the struggle of Muslims in the Indian subcontinent to regain the power they lost to British colonisation. [182] Pakistan is a democratic parliamentary federal republic, with Islam as the state religion. They own, rent, work in the city. [224] The Ali brothers had sought to project Pakistan as the natural leader of the Islamic world, in part due to its large manpower and military strength. [400] Influential publications and critical scientific work in the advancement of mathematics, biology, economics, computer science, and genetics have been produced by Pakistani scientists at both the domestic and international levels. [149] Zia bolstered the influence of the ulama (Islamic clergy) and the Islamic parties. During the SovietAfghan War in the 1980s, Pakistan was one of the closest allies of the United States. [466] In addition to Afghans, around 2million Bangladeshis and half a million other undocumented people live in Pakistan. [126] In 2018, Imran Khan (the chairman of PTI) won the 2018 Pakistan general election with 116 general seats and became the 22nd Prime Minister of Pakistan in election of National Assembly of Pakistan for Prime Minister by getting 176 votes against Shehbaz Sharif (the chairman of PML (N)) who got 96 votes. The PPP was followed by conservative Pakistan Muslim League (N), and over the next decade the leaders of the two parties fought for power, alternating in office while the country's situation worsened; economic indicators fell sharply, in contrast to the 1980s. [200], Pakistan is formally as "Iron Brother" by China,[201][202] with both countries placing considerable importance on the maintenance of an extremely close and supportive special relationship. [406], In 2010 Pakistan was ranked 43rd in the world in terms of published scientific papers. [497] They are mainly concentratd in the Lalian Tehsil, Chiniot District, where approximately 13% of the population. "Capital Smart City: Another master piece from the Capital Smart City launched one of its kind innovative & futuristic development - One Capital Residence." " "Nova City Islamabad has announced Nova City World - Overseas Block for its valuable customers. ", Rashid Amjad & Musleh Ud Din & Idrees Khawaja & Nasir Iqbal & Ahmad Waqar Qasim, 2012. ", akr, Mustafa Yavuz & Kabundi, Alain, 2013. ". Together with Community Welfare Attaches (CWAs) and the Overseas Pakistanis Foundation (OPF), the OPD is making efforts to improve the welfare of Pakistanis who reside abroad. [414] Successfully producing and launching the nation's first space satellite in 1990, Pakistan became the first Muslim country and second South Asian country to put a satellite into space.[415]. [401], In chemistry, Salimuzzaman Siddiqui was the first Pakistani scientist to bring the therapeutic constituents of the neem tree to the attention of natural products chemists. It is viewed as the class that is between, and separates, the lower and the upper classes, that is the rich and the poor, but there is no agreement on the exact boundaries that separates them. Area & Population of Administrative Units (1998) Population and Housing Indicators (1998) List of Prices (1998) District at Glance (1998) . Pakistan has an estimated 40 million middle class citizens, projected to increase to 100 million by 2050. [460], There is also a large Pakistani diaspora worldwide, numbering over seven million,[461] which has been recorded as the sixth largest diaspora in the world. Pakistan is a middle power nation,[26][27][28][29][30][31] and has the world's sixth-largest standing armed forces. [149] Zia-ul-Haq forged a strong alliance between the military and Deobandi institutions[150] and even though most Barelvi ulama[151] and only a few Deobandi scholars had supported Pakistan's creation, Islamic state politics came to be mostly in favour of Deobandi (and later Ahl-e-Hadith/Salafi) institutions instead of Barelvi. Findings from a qualitative empirical study, DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, How Middle Class are the Emerging Middle or Scooter Class in Indonesia? In 1984, Ahmadiyya places of worship were banned from being called "mosques". [251] In a resolution passed in 1948, the UN's General Assembly asked Pakistan to remove most of its military troops to set the conditions for the holding of a plebiscite. Migration from other countries, mainly from those nearby, has further accelerated the process of urbanisation in Pakistani cities. The Arab conqueror Muhammad ibn Qasim conquered Sindh in 711CE. Qazi Investments It has a 1,046-kilometre (650-mile) coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. Estimates are based according to the. 7. [355] The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) is solely responsible for operating these power plants, while the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority regulates safe usage of the nuclear energy. Pakistan (Urdu: [pakstan]),[d] officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (ISO: [281], Despite the UN arms embargo on Bosnia, General Javed Nasir of the ISI airlifted anti-tank weapons and missiles to Bosnian mujahideen which turned the tide in favour of Bosnian Muslims and forced the Serbs to lift the siege. In the 1971 conflict over East Pakistan, the Jamaat-e-Islami fought the Bengali nationalists on the Pakistan Army's side. [231] Although Pakistan and Bangladesh were initially tense due to their cold historical relationship, bilateral cooperation has deepened in recent years. [432] The literacy rate of the population is 62.3% as of 2018. [46][54] Taxila had one of the earliest universities and centres of higher education in the world, which was established during the late Vedic period in the 6th century BCE. The National Highway Authority is responsible for the maintenance of national highways and motorways. [211][212][213], Pakistan does not have diplomatic relations with Israel;[214] nonetheless, some Israeli citizens have visited the country on tourist visas. In the xeric regions of Balochistan, date palm and Ephedra are common. [203] But Pakistan opposed the Soviet Union in the 1950s due to geopolitical reasons. Moreover, an improvement in the city's inner highways means that it takes almost the same time from these areas to go to the centre of the city. [152] Sectarian tensions increased with Zia's anti-Shia policies. The rate of male literacy is 72.5% while the rate of female literacy is 51.8%. The Kalash people maintain a unique identity and religion within Pakistan. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about. Since Pakistan came into being, its fashion has evolved in different phases and developed a unique identity. [408] Pakistan was ranked 99th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, up from 107th in 2020. After a Sino-Pakistani nuclear cooperation agreement in 1986,[360] China provided Pakistan with a nuclear reactor dubbed CHASNUPP-I for energy and the industrial growth of the country. Sep 25,2021 These days people are moving into big cities in search of better opportunities. This regional fashion continues to evolve into both more modern and purer forms. A rebellion in 1857 called the Sepoy mutiny of Bengal was the region's major armed struggle against the British. In October 2006, just one year after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, The Guardian released what it described as "The top five tourist sites in Pakistan" in order to help the country's tourism industry. Different sources give widely different figures. [451] The highest concentration of Christians in Pakistan is in Lahore District (5%) in Punjab province and in Islamabad Capital Territory (over 4% Christian). The main destinations of choice for these tourists were the Khyber Pass, Peshawar, Karachi, Lahore, Swat and Rawalpindi. The majority of the population in the south resides along the Indus River, with Karachi the most populous commercial city. [487] The majority of them are Sunni and mostly follow Sufism (estimated between 75 and 95%)[488][489] while Shias represent between 525%. Politics in Pakistan is centred on, and dominated by, a homegrown social philosophy comprising a blend of ideas from socialism, conservatism, and the third way. The Millennium Education Pakistan (Roots Millennium Schools Islamabad) In Addition to the Schools listed above, there is a chain more than 150+ Government-owned schools and colleges named as "Islamabad Model School" and "Islamabad Model Colleges for boys and Girls". ", "Pakistan an emerging market economy: IMF", "Pakistan has 18th largest 'middle class' in the world: report", "Poverty in Pakistan: Numerous efforts, many numbers, not enough results", "70% decline in terrorist attacks in Pakistan ", "Now or never: Are we to live or perish for ever? [120], After the assassination of Benazir Bhutto in 2007, the PPP secured the most votes in the elections of 2008, appointing party member Yousaf Raza Gillani as Prime Minister. From 1947 until the 1970s the train system was the primary means of transport until the nationwide constructions of the national highways and the economic boom of the automotive industry. https://edirc.repec.org/data/pideipk.html, Birdsall, N. & Graham, C. & Pettinato, S., 2000. Living in Lahore - A Guide to Find and Live in the Best Societies of Phone No: 03128672278. [172], The flora and fauna of Pakistan suffer from a number of problems. While the tube wells raised crop yields by 50 percent, the High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat and rice led to a 5060 percent higher yield. [207][208] Initially, the US-led war on terrorism led to an improvement in the relationship, but it was strained by a divergence of interests and resulting mistrust during the 20 years of war and by issues related to terrorism. ", "An Overview of the Siwalik Acheulian & Reconsidering Its Chronological Relationship with the Soanian A Theoretical Perspective", "Archaeologists confirm Indian civilization is 2000 years older than previously believed", "Why some in Pakistan want to replace Jinnah as the founder of the country with an 8th century Arab", "Muhammad Bin Qasim: Predator or preacher? The Government of Pakistan exercises the de facto jurisdiction over the Frontier Regions and the western parts of the Kashmir Regions, which are organised into the separate political entities Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan (formerly Northern Areas). What is a typical upper middle class household in Pakistan like? [407] The Pakistan Academy of Sciences, a strong scientific community, plays an influential and vital role in formulating recommendations regarding science policies for the government. Ammar Ali Qureshi Political Economy May 20, 2018 An insightful and interesting treatise that focuses on the middle class structure, its increasing religious identity, and divisions between the traditional and the new middle classes In Asia, Pakistan is the eighth-largest exporter of textile products, contributing 9.5% to the GDP and providing employment to around 15million people (some 30% of the 49million people in the workforce). [55][56] The school consisted of several monasteries without large dormitories or lecture halls where the religious instruction was provided on an individualistic basis. "Reviving Pakistan's Pluralist Traditions to Fight Extremism". [110], Democracy ended with a military coup in 1977 against the leftist PPP, which saw General Zia-ul-Haq become the president in 1978. But only a few would have that kind of money," says. Before the 19th century, Pakistani literature consisted mainly of lyric and religious poetry and mystical and folkloric works. Lahore, as the occasional residence of Mughal rulers, contains many important buildings from the empire. The strongest opposition to the Islamist ideological paradigm being imposed on the state came from the Bengali Muslims of East Pakistan[138] whose educated class, according to a survey by social scientist Nasim Ahmad Jawed, preferred secularism and focused on ethnic identity unlike educated West Pakistanis who tended to prefer an Islamic identity. These schools are located in each sector of Islamabad. Excellent place for middle class people of islamabad. Quality food 1999-2009: Pakistan's Decade of Urban Middle Class Growth - Riaz Haq In each of provincial Police Service, it also maintains a respective Elite Police units led by the NACTAa counter-terrorism police unit as well as providing VIP escorts. The cities that attract people the most are Lahore, Islamabad, and Karachi. [250] India referred the dispute to the United Nations on 1 January 1948. ", Kapsos, Steven. ", Mariam Shahzadi & Muhammad Faraz Riaz & Sofia Anwar & Samia Nasreen, 2017. [404] Abdul Qadeer Khan, regarded as the founder of the HEU-based gas-centrifuge uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's integrated atomic bomb project. Pakistan has a 1,046km (650mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south[157] and land borders of 6,774km (4,209mi) in total: 2,430km (1,510mi) with Afghanistan, 523km (325mi) with China, 2,912km (1,809mi) with India and 909km (565mi) with Iran. [278] The PAF and Navy's fighter pilots have voluntarily served in Arab nations' militaries against Israel in the Six-Day War (1967) and in the Yom Kippur War (1973). There are four distinct seasons in Pakistan: a cool, dry winter from December through February; a hot, dry spring from March through May; the summer rainy season, or southwest monsoon period, from June through September; and the retreating monsoon period of October and November. The Lodi dynasty, the last of the Delhi Sultanate, was replaced by the Mughal Empire (15261857CE). 1) Dhaka 2) Kabol 3) Islamabad 4) Lahore 5) Karachi Click the card to flip 5 Click the card to flip 1 / 15 Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by anna_rose_kennedy Terms in this set (15) [418] Since 1991 Pakistan has maintained two summer research stations and one weather observatory on the continent and plans to open another full-fledged permanent base in Antarctica. [433] Literacy rates vary by region and particularly by sex; as one example, in tribal areas female literacy is 9.5%,[434] while Azad Jammu & Kashmir has a literacy rate of 74%. The high point of this era was the Gandhara style. '"unripe, semi-made, unsure"'), which are made of . [35] Rahmat Ali explained: "It is composed of letters taken from the names of all our homelands, Indian and Asian, Panjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh, and Baluchistan." [155], The geography and climate of Pakistan are extremely diverse, and the country is home to a wide variety of wildlife. Private tube wells led to a 50 percent increase in the cropping intensity which was augmented by tractor cultivation. In the British colonial period, predominantly functional buildings of the Indo-European representative style developed from a mixture of European and Indian-Islamic components. [558], Most sports played in Pakistan originated and were substantially developed by athletes and sports fans from the United Kingdom who introduced them during the British Raj. [350] Pakistan's cultural capital, Lahore, contains many examples of Mughal architecture such as the Badshahi Masjid, the Shalimar Gardens, the Tomb of Jahangir, and the Lahore Fort. [134] Keith Callard, one of the earliest scholars on Pakistani politics, observed that Pakistanis believed in the essential unity of purpose and outlook in the Muslim world and assumed that Muslim from other countries would share their views on the relationship between religion and nationality. In the 18th century, the slow disintegration of the Mughal Empire was hastened by the emergence of the rival powers of the Maratha Confederacy and later the Sikh Empire, as well as invasions by Nader Shah from Iran in 1739 and the Durrani Empire of Afghanistan in 1759. Samia Manzoor. [260] They came into existence after independence in 1947, and the military establishment has frequently influenced the national politics ever since. [74] A complete and comprehensive constitution was adopted in 1973, but it was suspended by Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 but reinstated in 1985. In most of the Punjab and Sindh, the Indus plains support tropical and subtropical dry and moist broadleaf forest as well as tropical and xeric shrublands.
Dead Woman Wakes Up In Funeral Home,
Jephthah Vow In The Bible,
Why Is Michaels Temporarily Closed Today,
Royal Oak Country Club,
Townhomes Canonsburg, Pa For Rent,
Articles M